International media and telecommunications are not promoting a more Research Paper

International media and telecommunications are not promoting a more peaceful - Research Paper exercisingThe media has different and opposite roles during the war. During a war for instance, the media could choose to concentrate on destroying the war as debate to exalting the freedom from the tyranny. This discourse delves into analysing the position that International media and telecommunications are not promoting peaceful International relations. The designer of the paper posits that the media could design and package the war as an invasion against an attack. Furthermore, telecommunications and media can outline negative against a positive attitude during the conflict. News Media benefits from the development in technology sector.Strategy in the simplest definition entails savvy who the players are in internationalist relations as well as it stands in the society today. The inclusion covers the real position and both external and internal perceptions. The definition also includ es having clear understanding of where international relations should get to and means of ensuring it gets to the destination.They constitute specific forms of substance with an intrinsic communicative ability. Among others, they are structures, innovations, reforms, legislation, institutions, investments, and policies in the media sector. They remain suggestive, memorable, remarkable, and newsworthy.The review of evidence applied in search strings to peruse five ledger databases. The researcher filtered various papers after identification based on the date of publication jump the last decade of the twentieth century. Identification also considered countries with experiences in conflict and telecommunications and media associated with political occurrences. The analysis yielded xii papers for review. Experts supplemented the twelve papers. The researcher graded evidence based on a regular pattern, evaluating the gunpoint and quality of empirical

Business strategy in transport Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business strategy in transport - Essay ExampleIn this context, it can be observe that the economic recession alike many other industries had affected airline industry as well. It can withal be detect that apart from a number of benefits prevalent in the EU for starting a late airline return endurer, there are certain difficulties that requires to be considered much(prenominal) as uncertain economic scenario, credit crunch, fluctuating fuel price and unpredict able environmental and climatic conditions. Due to these uncertainties, a few full- profit airlines in the EU had suffered losses. Despite these certain hindrances the growth prospects which have been observed in the EU region has opened up opportunities for low cost service providers such as Ryan Air and EasyJet. In the EU there is a tremendous prospect of improvement in get going and tourism sector which will provide added growth prospect for a sore airline service provider. Low cost operators can make the more or le ss of the existing and prospective scenario to leverage benefit break of it (Case Study, n.d.). Therefore, it can be observed that in the existing scenario in the EU, the cheap operators are being able to earn profits for the shareholders. In this context, the research newspaper intends to critically examine the prospects of an enterpriser who endeavours to set up a low cost scheduled airline within the EU. The route that has been selected is between London and capital of The Netherlands. It is set to be one of the most popular routes on a worldwide basis (Patrikarakos, 2009). The research paper will subsequently attempt to analyse the existing air environment to identify potential barriers to the mean subscriber line venture. Critical Analysis of the Business Prospect The intended business venture of the optimistic entrepreneur is towards starting a new low-cost scheduled airline service. From the provided case study, it can be observed that in the present economic context (post-recessionary period), there is a substantial growth prospect for establishing business in the new venture. It can also be identified that in the present context, in the EU region, there are certain obstacles and losses faced by full service carrier overdue to few prevailing conditions. Therefore, the most promising growth prospect that can be identified is for the low-cost service carriers. The intended business venture can be started in non only the EU but also throughout the world i.e. Amsterdam to London route, which can be one of the most growth prospect oriented routes According to the intention of the entrepreneur, the new scheduled service will provide low-cost airline service in this particular route only at the inception. It can also be stated that the demand for service is at the optimum level in this route. Thus, a new service has tremendous opportunity to acquire benefits out of the growth prospect which can be from business travellers as well as leisure travelle rs who are likely to use the services provided by the new low-cost scheduled airline service (Patrikarakos, 2009). The two airports that can be selected for the scheduled airline service are Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, which is the prime international airport of the Netherlands, and Heathrow Airport of London, which is one of the busiest airports in not only the UK but also in the world (ACI World, 2011). In this context, it can be identified that the Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is situated mere 14 km outside the city of Amsterdam. The

Nutrition and fitness (answer the questions) Essay - 2

Nutrition and fitness (answer the questions) - Essay Example tour exercising, muscular endurance is essential because the continual pressure exerted on the muscles snitchs it possible to carry out ominous tasks without becoming tired.There exists a relationship between muscular military capability and muscular endurance because peerless cannot exist without the other. Muscles occupy forty percent of body mass. The body depends on muscles for movement and because of this mass they ar responsible for a portion of the metabolism that takes place inside bodies. Strong, well toned muscles help make work that had seemed difficult become easy to do and complete. To increase muscle endurance, an individual has to have strength in the muscles. This is because if a person has the strength, then building up endurance will happen kinda quickly while a person with little or no muscle strength whitethorn take longer to increase muscle endurance.The continual exertion of force on the muscle w ith oft heavier loads over a long period causes the muscle to harden and expand thus change magnitude the endurance level the muscle has to stress. This goes to show that muscle endurance goes to bindher with muscle strength. This means that these 2 processes depend on each other for optimum results.Training teenagers is usually very difficult since they argon impatient. This is usually very difficult since they work on gaining muscle endurance without first putting on muscle strength and want results in the quickest way possible. They use any avenue to get the results they need. This is usually very difficult since they work on gaining muscle endurance without first putting on muscle strength. Such actions pass away to catastrophic results and injuries such as strains, sprains, dislocations, fractures and tendonitis. Further disregard may lead to other chronic complications, for example, nerve damage, bone stress injuries, muscle overloads and rotator cuff

Managing Human Capital at Barclays Bank Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Human Capital at Barclays Bank - Essay useLike any other corporation, Barclays also treat its human resource as the most priceless assets and the only active element to activate other elements such as machinery and equipments, which are otherwise, remain dead. However, unless the be associated with the people management and maintenance is critically evaluated in the light of its probable benefits, the entire efforts will be a waste. Considering the employee initial cost and annual expenditure for hiring and training, it can be presumed that a huge criterion has been incurred every year at Barclays. From all stakeholders point of view, it can be said that this is not a good sign of success. Rather, it is an indication that the company unnecessarily invest in hiring and maintaining people in the nerve and is likely to incur huge loss unless all the employees are retained in the organization. Todays employees have the tendency to switch over from job to another within no t ime. This causes further add in the employee maintenance cost as the organization is required to fill the gap on nib of such movement. The most possible solution for this kind of unnecessary increase in the employee cost is that betroth only those people whose services are unavoidable to the organization. Also make sure that newly coupled are likely to be maintained in the firm at least for three years. It has been mentioned in the report that the pension cost has been on the increase and this can be reduced, if proper care is taken while fixing the compensation plan.

All Quiet on the Western Front Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

exclusively soothe on the Western Front - Essay ExampleThis painting managed to recreate the horrors of struggle on the screen, with an colour that was not only gripping and awe-inspiring in those times but has conclusively sustained its relevance and appeal, even today. Lewis Milest matchless, with an essentially cinematic panache and finesse, managed to unravel the conflict inherent between the youthful hungriness for fame and heroism and the frustrating violence and irony that waited for a group of greenhorns who trudged their way to the competitivenessfield, enveloped in an aura of impressiveness and great expectations. The theme and cinematographic techniques exploited in the movie were to set the pace for the future war movies. All Quiet on the Western Front unraveled the basic accouterments of modern warfare, be it gut wrenching lust and maddening insecurity, disturbing bloodshed and the pain of losing friends, the essential trauma that accompanies an unromantic dev astation, with an intensity that is gripping and unsettling at the same time. Even today, the primary misconception that is the bane of Hollywood war movies is the unrelenting belief that a war movie to be successful has to inevitably rely on the grandeur and mammoth scale of the battle sequences, pepped up by a generous usage of war machinery, fanfare, and special effects. Milestone shattered such(prenominal) notions of magnanimity by letting this movie evolve beyond a spectacular dependence on costly and elaborate battle scenes, to penetrate deep into the recesses of the human psyche that are inherently loath(predicate) to violence and bloodshed.... nanimity by letting this movie evolve beyond a spectacular dependence on costly and elaborate battle scenes, to penetrate deep into the recesses of human psyche that are inherently antipathetic to violence and bloodshed. The movie is effectively and genuinely interspersed with intense and isolated scenes, which crystallize the actors sense of fear, guilt and discretion in an individualistic yet interrelated moment of time, highlighted by an apt usage of montage sequencing, correspond editing and high key lighting. One such awesome scene is the moment when Paul, while curious for safety and security in the trenches had to kill an enemy soldier, in an instinctive and desperate pursuit for survival. The camera operator deftly managed to catch the trauma and guilt that takeover Paul, as he helplessly watched the prolonged and slowly death of an enemy. Not only this, but the director was skillfully able to sustain Pauls disillusionment, guilt and twisting for quiet a long time, accentuating its scope with just the right blend of lighting, sound and acting, which bring forrad an enervating sense of claustrophobia laced with apprehension that defined the life in the trenches. This scene happened to be one amongst many such scenes that made this movie an everlasting success. The essential challenge before any an ti-war movie is to build on the ubiquity and irrationality of war, which is inherently an anti-hero theme. The director is required to sustain and build upon the trumpery and futility of violence up to the level where all perceptions pertaining to the well-defined antagonists and protagonists melt and evaporate, making way for the inevitability of death that does not differentiate between a friend and a foe. The movie under consideration qualifies to be an all-time

Accounting Research Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Accounting Research Project - Essay ExampleIn simple terms, start up be can be defined as the be that a trade formation incurs when starting line up a new operation and in preparation for the operation. The definition of start-up activities is based on the spirit of the activities and not the time period in which they occur. Start-up activities include activities related to organizing a new entity (commonly referred to as organization be) (FASB, 2014a). Once a business has been set up, it can be able to generate receipts to follow its own expenses. However, prior to this, there has to be expenses which are incurred.Start up costs can be divided into two categories namely revenue expenditure and majuscule expenditure. There has been debate regarding how which each of the costs should be treated. Revenue expenditure is the kind of expenses that do not get to additional of the business stock. It as well does not have any contribution towards the acquisition of assets that ca n be used by the business for a long period of time (FASB, 2014a). On the other hand, capital expenditure refers to the expenses that the business incurs in acquiring an asset that can be used to generate income for a long period of time. The expenses of capital assets is therefore spread over many time periods as the assets acquired are used for many years.The costs that Costanza and Son has incurred so far as per the case are revenue expenditure. The company has included juristic fees and advertising costs as capital start up costs. These costs do not contribute to the acquisition of any long term asset for the organization. Therefore, these costs should be categorized as revenue costs. They should be accounted for as expenses for the period which they have been incurred. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) requires that start up costs be expensed as they are incurred. This means that the costs should be accounted for during the period in which they have been incurred . This is

Did the international discontinuities that resulted from the treaties Term Paper

Did the multinational discontinuities that resulted from the treaties terminationing World War I led to World War II - Term wallpaper ExampleLater, they were joined by Bulgaria. There is no a single agreed date on which the war ended. However, many historians point to the signing of the accord of Versailles as the beginning of the end of the state of war, fifty-fifty though actual fighting had stopped several months earlier. It was later on the treaty was signed that many soldiers that were divine service abroad began to return to their countries.Besides the Treaty of Versailles, the ratification of several other peace treaties led to the end of the First World War. The Paris Peace Conference initiated and imposed these treaties (Trachtenberg, 2000). This paper answers the question posed in the title above in the affirmative. In order to justify this position, the Treaty of Versailles and four other treaties testament be examined, and an attempt made to illustrate how they le d to the Second World War. These other four treaties are the Treaties of Saint-Germain, Trianon, Svres and Lausanne. As the Treaty of Versailles was the most important of them all, more space will be abandoned to it.The Treaty of Versailles was signed on the 28th day of June in 1919, precisely five years after Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria was assassinated. Their assassination in Sarajevo had triggered World War I on the 28th day of June in 1914. The Treaty of Versailles brought to an end the state of war that had persisted between Germany and the Allied Powers (Trachtenberg, 2000). Separate treaties dealt with the other Central Powers that were allied to Germany. The armistice ratified on the 11th day of November had ended the actual fighting. However, it took another six months of active negotiations at the Peace Conference of Paris to finalize the treaty. The Secretariat of the League of Nations incorporated the treaty on October 21, 1919 and printed it in the League of Nations Treaty Series.The Treaty of Versailles had many provisions. However, the single most important and most controversial

Explain the true-justified-belief theory of knowledge Essay

Explain the true-justified-belief theory of association - Essay ExampleFor example, if individual X sees someone Y seating alone at a table in a restaurant and guesses that he is hold for his wife, while he could be waiting for anyone else from a business render to a relative or an old friend, he could also be just having a meal by himself. If this proposition is based on a wild guess, even if soul Y does discharge out to be waiting for his wife given that she arrives a while later, this does not amount to knowledge on the part of soul X. When what appears to be knowledge lacks truth, it piece of assnot be considered to be knowledge. It in that respectfore holds that knowledge as a minimum is true belief (Audi n.p.) This further raises the question of whether knowing something means justifiedly accept it (Audi n.p.). As in the slipperiness above, simply guessing that person Y is waiting for his wife, even in the event that it turns out to be true does not constitute know ledge on the part of person X. This is because there is no exculpation for it. However, assuming that person Z tells person X that he has seen person Y wait for his wife at that restaurant at the same time every twenty-four hours for a period of time, this could justify person Xs true belief that hence person Y is waiting for his wife. Person Xs acquisition of knowledge that person Y is waiting for his wife can be rationalized by his acquisition of evidence that justifies the true belief that he indeed is (Audi n.p.). Additionally, Audi contends that the more evidence people acquire to support their belief in something and build up their justification of the particular belief, the ne arr they get to knowledge (n.p.). This backs the view that justified belief is a facet of knowledge. From the above, Audi states that it can be deduced that there is a practical and considerable condition necessary for knowledge, that is based on ternary elements one knows something only if one mo ots in it, it is true and the belief that one has of that particular thing is justifiable. In particular as a minimum, knowledge is justified true belief (Audi n.p.). This sums up the theory of true-justified-belief of knowledge. However, there are sufficient conditions provided for in the analysis of what constitutes knowledge. This is because, despite the fact that I only know something, if I truly and justifiedly believe in it, it does not hold that, if I truly and justifiedly believe in something, then I know it (Audi n.p.). This 3-way analysis of knowledge according to OBrien infers that the three conditions are necessary for knowledge, that is belief, truth and justification (11). The conditions are also jointly sufficient for knowledge subject matter that one has knowledge when the three conditions are met. Necessary and sufficient conditions are connected to conditional statements imparting the truth of two suggestions in the form If X then Y (Lacewing 24). The assurance in this case is that if proposition X is true then proposition Y is also true. In the event that the assertion is true, it follows that proposition X is true, then proposition Y is true. It also follows that if proposition Y is false then proposition X is also false. The theory of true-justified-belief of knowledge therefore holds that when the three conditions it proposes are met, together they are sufficient and nothing else is needed for knowledge (Lacewing 24). However, it also contends that if you know X then you have a justified true be

Facts of Palese v. Delaware State Lottery Office Essay

Facts of Palese v. Delaware State lottery Office - Essay ExamplePalese contacted the drafting Office in writing, describing his predicament and was directed to wait for wizard year so that his take in could be reviewed.11 months later, Palese read in the dailies that the Lottery Office had transferred his unwanted lottery jackpot to the States General Fund. Palese contacted the Lottery Office again and was told to explain how he had purchased the lottery and lost the tickets, much to Paleses compliance. Even after hearing that Palese still had the play slip, the Lottery Office held that he was to be denied his claim since he could not produce his actual winning ticket. Palese took the depend to the court for litigation while the Lottery Office equally rushed to dismiss Paleses claim on the account that Palese could not sufficiently state his claim for which the relief was to be granted.In the look Palese v. Delaware State Lottery Office, 1546-N, as the plaintiff, Palese accuse s the Lottery Office of unjust enrichment since it had taken his rightfully owned deem to the States General Fund. In this light, he wants the prize he had won to be accorded him.Whether or not the rules of the Lottery Act such as Lottery Regulation 18 and 19 should be amended to allow the Lottery Act to capture unforeseeable circumstances such as accidental destruction or loss of the winning ticket. The Court of Chancery of Delaware heard from both the plaintiff and the answerer and referred to the directives in the Lottery Act, the Lottery Regulation 18 and 19 to arrive at its verdict.

Cases Write Up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cases draw up Up - Essay ExampleAfter 1990, worldwide bundle companies discovered a revolutionary phenomenon called overt obtain origin model, and they started developing and distributing lax source software. These types of software are distributed free both for cloak-and-dagger and commercial use. MySQL is the worlds most popular Relational Database Management System. It provides multi-user access to, and runs as a server of, a number of databases. MySQL was first released in 23rd July in 1995 by three Scandinavian founders, Axmark, Larsson, and Widenius. The company was incorporated in 2011 as MySQL AB in Uppsala, Sweden (MySQL, About MySQL). MySQL used open source business organisation model and used it as a viral marketing vehicle for penetrating in the global information technology market. For its open source status, it has gained a higher extent of visibility among the software developers community, including individuals and companies. Using the open access model, MySQ L made available its products under a dual licensing policy al miserableing anyone to download them under GPL and use them for individual or commercials purposes. They required no fees for the use, and commercial users can purchase them at the minimum price, much lower than competitive market prices of other database management systems (OReilly 8). ... This type of business last allowed MySQL to become a virtual organization. 120 employees of this organization are scattered crosswise 17 countries across the world, and they efficiently communicated with each other through email and other means of internet communication. It can be stated that this model has provided the company with effective global penetration at a very low cost of operation. MySQL marketing strategy was developed based on the open source business followed by the company. The strategy was to supply a better product at a lower price. Its goal was to wrap up global information technology market to develop a positive distribution network till a wide installed base (Krishnamurthy 11). This strategy of open source business model helped the company to come across a tremendous growth in its specific segment of target customers. Thus, open source business model has eventually superseded more traditional business models, and the companies that implemented this model enjoyed higher demand of their open source products. Case question 2 (Google) Google is recognized as the most successful and forward-looking business in the current internet-based business world. Microsoft has proved its rapid growth through innovations in the sphere of computer technology, whereas Google has showed its innovation in information technology, analytical decision-making, efficient product development, experimentation and other types of relatively laughable and uncommon ways of innovation. Google has been successfully balancing innovative ideas, evaluation methods, and the use of advanced technologies for the evaluation of innovative ideas. Google has made itself recognizable as a leading exponent or a creator of new

The Portable Thoreau Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Portable Thoreau - ain Statement ExampleDrifting endlessly seems an utter waste of the wonderful faculties that man is endowed with, and the buzz off itself may be symbolic of a mans life that has to be shaped with the attractive care and devotion that an artist gives to his creation. To me the story seems to be a parable espousing the virtues of single minded purpose in going about what atomic number 53 has set out to achieve. It tells of how everything else takes second place to the one polish one has set out for ones self. It is a tale of devotion to the task in hand, completely disregarding everything else, without which perfection is not possible. If the intentions are right and the devotion to achieving them exists then the result must be great success. As Thoreau himself points out what he learned as the result of his experiment at Walden if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will adopt with a success unexpected in common hours. (Thoreau, Walden) I agree with this theory. I think if one can identify ones goal and pursue it without being distracted by new(prenominal) issues, the only outcome will be success. This has been proven by many great batch in different fields whether they were scientists or sportsmen, freedom fighters or people born with physical disabilities, such people have overcome mighty odds by the strength of their determination.

Car Commercials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Car Commercials - Essay ExampleMercedes-Benz is a high-class automobile company which products are forever and a day made for luxury, dependability, and reliability (Biebrach 3). Mercedes-Benz, for instance, is currently the most advertised model of cars in the continent with the best and largest guest test fleet. The main target area of the company is to reduce fuel consumption and to minimize emissions, as rise as eliminating them in the process (Ferreira para.3).The whole point behind creating extravagant, informative, and creative commercials is to get people to buy, use, or sell the product. In his statement, Dr Martin Zimmermann, President and CEO of Mercedes-Benz South Africa, said that Mercedes-Benz customers want comfortable, safe, and very powerful vehicles that are effectual and environmentally compatible. Of course, there is the bragging aspect where people air all of their achievements in the hopes of allowing customers to accredit just how fantastic their company is. He added that the main challenge is to make motor vehicles more efficient and clean without interfering with safety or comfort (Ferreira, para.7). This emphasis is included in commercials in rewrite to lure customers.It is obvious that high-class cars or vehicles are very expensive to be afforded by ridiculous people and, of course, cheaper for the rich citizens. This is the reason why Mercedes-Benz decided to invent a new model A-Class that bequeath be affordable by all the people in various social strata (Biebrach, 3). Its is believed that the first social movement for Mercedes-Benz advertisement happened in 20th May 1996, however, their first class car A-Class was officially launched on October, eighteenth 1997. The strategy of the campaign had four phases Big Bang, New Perspectives, New choices and New Experiences (Biebrach, 3). The key goal and objective of the campaign was to sell 80,000 cars in a year and make

BEFORE THE LAW - TRANSLATED BY WILLA AND EDWIN MUIR Term Paper

BEFORE THE LAW - TRANSLATED BY WILLA AND EDWIN MUIR - Term Paper ExampleThe ostiary never helps the art object from the country in a way ultimately beneficial to the man. Even though he knows, the gatekeeper never tells the man from the country that the gate was made just for the man and allows the man to grow old and infirm before revealing the gatekeeper will shut the door on him. The gatekeeper tells the man from the country that it is possible the man may gain entry one day, just now it is never revealed how this might occur. It is never stated that the fleas certainly speak to the gatekeeper on the mans behalf. The morepowerful gatekeepers inside do not interact with anyone. Therefore, the common theme that runs throughout this invention is the lack of mutually beneficial cooperation among the characters regardless of the scenario.I remember a class in psychological science I took at the University of Illinois. A student teacher chose a woman and I to participate in an expe riment. The woman and I could not converse among ourselves before or during the experiment. I went first. I was to call off each 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. The woman was to follow my bid with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. We did this 5 generation and our responses were marked voltaic pile side by side. If either her bid or my bid was higher than the other persons bid, the higher bidder got that amount in dollars. Thus, for example, if I bid 5 and she bid 2, I got $3.00. After I bid first 5 times we repeated the experiment with her going first 5 times. The actual result was that as first bidder, I bid 5 each time for 5 times and she bid 5 each time as well. So I got nothing. When she bid first, she bid 5 and I followed with a bid of 5 each time. It was the same result and she got nothing. Finished, we wondered what this was all about.The student teacher pointed out that if the woman and I had silently cooperated with each other we could have both prospered. Whenever I bid 5, if she bid 0 each of the 5 times I would have gotten $25.

Retaining Top Performing Employees Research Paper

Retaining Top Performing Employees - search Paper ExampleAccording to Sandhiya and Kumar (1778), There are many factors which show the importance of the employee retention. They may be the turnover cost which includes hundreds of thousands to the companys expenses. In fact, it is difficult to calculate the turnover cost which includes hiring costs, training costs and productivity loss. Other than material investment, loss of companys intellect and information is also some other major drawback that an organization has to sustain to when an employee leaves. Sandhiya and Kumar further assert that the relationships between the customers and clients are developed in such a way that encourages continued sponsorship and services of the business. When an employee leaves the organization suddenly, the relationships that employee built for the company are suffered and also could be given to loss of contact with potential customer. Hence, overall business performance is affected due to lo se of connecting link between client and organization and also potential risks of losing business may emerge as client may have their loyalty attached to a particular employee instead of an organization. In extension to that, employee turnover has a ripple effect it has a tendency of affecting current workforce. Withdrawal of angiotensin converting enzyme employee can affect motivation level of other team members and in some cases may ratify anxiety in employees. Employee retention rates have their contributions to employers goodwill which helps in attracting new giving and becoming a preferred employer.

Global Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Global Operations Management - Essay ExampleAs manufactured harvest-feasts argon tangible, client train can be anticipated and mathematical products may often be produced, transported, and held win inventory until customers lack them. This allows manufacturers flexibility in deciding when to produce products. Inventory can be used as a buffer between a stable performance capacity and a highly variable customer demand. This means that when business levels are held constant, in periods of low demand inventory levels of immaculate goods will climb, and in periods of peak demand inventory levels of finished goods will fall. This is not to say that all manufacturers inventory finished goods, because some manufacturers choose to wait until products are demanded, then produce the products and ship them directly to customers. Services cannot commonly be produced in advance of customer demand and mustiness be delivered to customers at the time of demand or later. This means that ser vice operations must normally plan production levels to approximately cope with customer demand.With manufactured products, customers do not ordinarily intrude into the manufacturing process. In fact, customers have little butt against with the manufacturing system in most cases. In service operations, however, customers are routinely involved in the production process. In such service operations such as hospitals, restaurants, and banks, the customers enter the production process, are routed to the necessary service operations, and exit from the service system. In almost all services, operations personnel need train in people skills because the key element of quality control is the way in which operations personnel conduct their transactions with customers.Service characteristics entangleIntangible outputsOutputs cannot by inventoriedExtensive customer contact diddle Lead multiplicationLabor intensiveServices quality subjectively determinedManufactured product characteristics includeTangible productsProducts can be inventoriedLittle customer contactLong lead timesCapital intensiveProduct quality objectively determined2.The six major components of operations system include1 Positioning the production system2 Product/service plans3 Outsourcing plans4 Process and technology plans5 Strategic allocation of resources6 Facility plansOperations strategy is a long-range game plan for the production of a companys products/services and provides a road map for what the production or operations function must do if business strategies are to be achieved. Operations strategies include decisions on such issues as what new products or services must be developed and when they must be introduced into production, what new facilities are required and when they are necessary, what new technologies and processes must be developed and when they are needed, and what production schemes will be followed to produce products/services.3.Competitive priorities can be thought of as the things that customers motivation from products/services thus, they can be used s tools to capture market share. But, all of these competitive priorities cannot ordinarily be used for a single product. Once the competitive priorities are set for a product or service, operations strategy must then determine the required production system needed to provide the priorities for the product or service.The

Write a 2,500 case study that engages with a particular television Essay - 1

Write a 2,500 case study that engages with a particular television genre to critically reflect on debates introduced within the module - Essay object lessonEllis states that television turns a viewer into a witness and this is a virtue that no other indite media can do (2000). Effectively, the use of images and the textual context of television shows can alter the way throng think and feel about issues and this can prompt change in so many shipway in the society today.The genre known as Docudrama has been a very area through and through which a lot of change has occurred through television. Rosenthal begins his book with a fascinating description of the docudrama, Who Bombed Birmingham released in 1990. In this docudrama, there was a coverage of incidents that led to the bombing of 2 pubs in Britain in 1974. Prior to that, vi men had been convicted for their alleged roles in the bombing. However, the docudrama showed that the possibility of attributing the bombings to those six men was not very clear. The eyeshade Minister at that time, Margaret Thatcher stated vehemently that a TV casting was just a poor more than fiction and could not be relied upon. However, the docudrama stirred a lot of public kind-heartedness for the six convicted people. There was a wave of campaigns and social uprisings that led to the case being reviewed in court. It was by and by held that the men were innocent and they were released. This is one of the many examples of how docudramas can stir up collective public uprisings and ingest social constructivism in the contemporary society.In this paper, two docudramas are critically examined for several inputs and contents. The docudramas are struggle Game (1965) and London Under Attack (2004). Both are docudramas aired on the British transmit Corporation TV service at different points in time. They were both meant to evaluate the impact of two major global incidents that could hit the United Kingdom in the periods within whic h they were aired. The paper does this by attempting to secure the

Product Mix and New Product Development Strategies Essay Example for Free

crossroad Mix and refreshful Product Development Strategies EssayThe Coca-Cola versus Pepsi competition is perhaps the about well known rivalry in the history of commercializeing. Coke has long enjoyed the home field service, having give way entrenched as the most habitual and identifiable cola throughout the world. Although it has carved itself a stiff portion of the merchandise, Pepsi has strugg lead to match the sales revenue of Coca-Cola until recently. Although Pepsi has never come close to equaling Coke cola mart sh atomic number 18, they have become more aggressive and adept than Coke in cornering the non-carbonated beverage market. It is in this market that Pepsi is seeking to incur a sustainable competitive usefulness over Coke.It their quest to acquire and bring refreshed crossings, impart the use of the PTSTP method help Pepsi develop rude(a) overlaps in order to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage?A product is defined in three levels stub, ac tual, and increase. The core of the product is the benefit it offers the consumer. For the example of colas, it could be refreshment, nix (sugar and caffeine), alertness, or just pleasure. The club soda itself is the actual product. The augmented product for a cola could be the actualization and status gains perceived by drinking that contingent brand. Or it could even be the weight loss from sticking to diet colas.For the development of new products, we prototypic need to find out what consists of a new product. There are six categories of new products1.New-To-The-World. This is a product that has no like product offered elsewhere. For example, when the first personal computer was offered to the public, this would be a new product.2.New Product Lines. This is when similar products exist, possibly even low the alike(p) brand, but a new line of the product offers some tangible difference to those products already offered. For example, offering diet colas in addition to regul ar colas under the same brand.3.Product Line Additions. This is the addition of a product that is directly related to one offered. For example, offering vanilla Coke for sale alongside Coke.4.Improvements/Revisions. This is a product which has already been offered,but some change or revision has been made to the products properties. For example New Coke, or any amour labeled new and improved.5.Repositioned Products. The same product offered in a new market or directed towards a new target market. For example Pepsi bring Sabritas chips into the US to target the Hispanic market.6.Lower-Priced Products. This is simply reducing the price of an existing product to stimulate sales.New products affect the product mix of a company. Product mix is gener on the wholey defined as the heart composite of products offered by a particular organization. The product mix includes both individual products and product lines. A product line is a group of products which are closely related by function , customer base, distribution, or price range. To use Pepsi as an example, Pepsis product mix includes beverages and potato chips. The beverage product line consists of carbonated, non-carbonated, and water. Pepsi, Gatorade, and Aquafina all are individual products.PTSTP is a mnemonic for the five step process underlying Target marketing and Positioning. The five steps are as follows1.Identify competitive Products.2.Define the Target market.3.Determine the basis for Segmentation.4.Determine if any Target markets are underserved.5.Develop a Product for the underserved market.By using this method, a company can identify a possibility in a particular market segment. This gap may be present because there is no product to fill it, or because the current product is reaching the end of its life-cycle, thus creating an opportunity for new growth. To answer the previous question, we will contrast the PTSTP method to Coca-Cola and Pespis development of the non-carbonated beverage market.Pep si has continually struggled to match Cokes market share in colas and other carbonated beverages. Coke enjoys a 44% slice of the market compared to Pepsis 32%. During their 108 year rivalry, Pepsi has never come close to selling as much soda as Coke. lots of this is due to Cokes brand recognition. Although in 2006 Pepsi, for the first time, beat Coke in beverages sold. This was due to Pepsis hugment of the non-carbonated beverage market, where it led the market with a 24% share over Cokes 16%. Pepsi was able to recognize and take advantage of the growing non-carbonized market much earlier than Coca-Cola.Although cola sales have recently stagnated to less than 1% growth, non-carbonated beverages grew 8% in 2004. Much of the failure of Coke to expand into this market can be traced backwards to the stubbornness of Coke executives to expand beyond the soda market. Coke had an opportunity to acquire Quaker Oats in the 1990s, but passed on the opportunity. Instead, Pepsi acquired Quaker Oats in 2001. Among Quaker Oats assets were Gatorade and Snapple, both leaders in their markets. Although these product lines were already established, they represented new products to Pepsi, as they represented Pepsis introduction into the non-carbonated beverage market. As a result, Pepsi owns a absolute lead in the sports drink market, with Gatorade holding an 80% share to Cokes Powerade at 15%.Until 2001, Coca-Cola had been reluctant to embrace new products. They were not willing to extend their company and take the chance in the non-carbonated market, until they saw the victory Pepsi was having. In addition to passing up on Quaker Oats, Coke lost a process war for the Sobe line of enhanced succuss, and their bid for the Planet Java line of coffees and teas was not embraced by their autonomous bottlers. However, since 2000 Coke has been actively seeking new products in this market, including the acquisition of the successful Minute Maid juice line.The difference in philosop hy has made the difference for Pepsi. In fact, losing the cola wars may have been the ruff thing for Pepsi. This forced Pepsi to look outside the soda realm in order to increase profits. As Pepsis CEO, Steven Reinemund believes that his companys growth is due to their constant quest for change, that Innovation is what consumers arelooking for, particularly in the small, enactment things of their life. Pepsis willingness to embrace new product lines has given them the edge over Coke for the first time in history. Their offerings of Quaker Oats beverages, Sobe, and Aquafina have all been firsts for a soda company. As a result, they have gained the brand recognition over Cokes subsequent offerings, leading to an increased market share.In order for Pepsi to maintain their competitive advantage over Coke, they need to follow the advice of Reinemund, by remaining innovative. PTSTP can help them sustain this advantage. By identifying capability markets, and developing products for these markets, they can continue to capture new market shares. The beverage market is saturated with options for the consumer, with new products appearing everyday. Many of these products are variations on existing products. For example, energy drinks have become very popular in the past few years. As a result the market has become flooded with options. It will become increasingly difficult to introduce new products in this category.By using PTSTP, Pepsi can identify a new niche in this market, or a different market to exploit. Using the energy drinks as an example, the competitors range from Fuze, Red Bull, and many others. By defining the target market, they can identify that the same demographics both tend to buy sodas and energy drinks. Pepsi can because segment the market into young males (18-30). They then determine that the target market of combined soda energy drinks is underserved. They then develop a product to serve this market. Thus Pepsi Max is born.By using PTSTP, Pepsi ha s created a new product in soda energy drinks, Pepsi Max. It is this type of creativity and innovation that is embraced by Reinemund, and will serve to keep Pepsi with a sustain competitive advantage over Coke. Only by using a method such as PTSTP, can underserved markets be identified and exploited.References1. http//business.enotes.com/business-finance-encyclopedia/product-mix2. Brady, Diane (). A Thousand and One Noshes How Pepsi deftly adapts products to changing consumer tastes.Business Week. 14 Jun 20043. Foust, Dean. Things Go Better With Juice Cokes new CEO will have to move quickly to pay back up in noncarbonated drinks.Business Week. 17 May 20044. Brooker, Katrina. How Pepsi outgunned Coke Losing the cola wars was the best thing that ever happened to Pepsi while Coke was celebrating, PEP took over a much larger market.FORTUNE 1 Feb 2006http//money.cnn.com/2006/02/01/news/companies/pepsi_fortune/index.htm5. http//www.marketingteacher.com/Lessons/lesson_three_levels_of_a _product.htm

Post Colonial World Essay Example for Free

Post compound World EssayColonialism has been a large factor in the development of the world, particularly in the historic three centuries, from the 18th to the 20th century. Colonialism has been so important because it was so widespread. With large historical empires like those of owing(p) Britain and France reaching push through and colonizing nations from India to the continent of Africa in hopes of being able to gain access to the natural resources establish there, colonialism was to effect al or so every nation in one way or a nonher. While colonialism did disperse up the world to greater trade and disbursement of many aspects of another culture to Europeans and, eventually, to Americans, the colonizing of these countries created difficulties and problems in the settled nations. The fact is that the post-colonial world is nothing but a product of the colonial flow and colonialism creates a total new set of problems that do not go away even after the colonizing nation has pulled out in fact, more problems develop. Colonialism was a major aspect of modern world history as it genuinely did transform the world. The remnants of this can still be felt today. In Africa, many African nations have French or English as their official language, as in the Ivory Coast or conspiracy Africa, because of the lasting effects of colonialism. In England, remnants of their colonialism of India argon still felt in things as small as a love of Indian cooking, and in India the memories of children being forced to learn at English schools are still remembered. The lasting effects go much deeper, however, than simpler a transference of a nations vibrant culture, or the adoption of an official language.Post-colonialism, in its essence, is the philosophy that many problems arise from colonizing a nation, not the least of which is the loss of a national identity and, perhaps even more unsettling, is the fact that when a empiric power pulls out of a colonized nation, lea ving them alone to fight for themselves and create their induce way, sometimes centuries after overtaking them, the colonized nation is lost and goes through a period of struggle and infighting to try and find their place in the world as their own nation, and not a shaft nation. The many wars, uprising, and political instabilities found in post-colonial nations like India and many countries in Africa are directly cerebrate to the Colonial period. An example of this can be found in South Africa where long after the British had colonized the country the remnants of their civilization was left behind.Apartheid, in its ugliest form, was left behind and the way that the white state in South Africa treated the black people in their own homeland has been widely publicized, taken and studied in historical studies. Even today some tensions exist in South Africa and they are still trying to maintain their own national identity in the light of post-colonialism. This can be seen in nation s around the world who have been colonized. The colonial period was a time of large stringy empires and nations that did not have the means or the military might to defend themselves from being colonized. The countries that were colonized during this period faced problems that they had never faced before, including a lack of a national identity and having to deal with the issue forth out when their colonizing power pulled out. Much of the difficulties of the post-colonial period trace their roots back to the colonial period and most particularly to the ruling nation that took over their nation and changed their way of life.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Television Essay Example for Free

Advantages and Disadvantages of television set EssayIn to sidereal day modern world television is the close to popular and recognized from of media and most homes in the western and developed worlds own one. That small (in some cases rather large) box sitting in your lounge is your connection to the outside world. It is an indispensable item and umpteen of us endurenot imagine life without it. As with everything there are advantages and disadvantages with the television. The main advantage is televisions ability to bring you news as it happens. A foster advantage is the fact we are using more than one sense when viewing. The final advantage in this essay is the vast amount of information and documentaries available for viewing. However the first of all disadvantage is the amount of season spent traceing television is often considered a waste of time. The second disadvantage is the fact that families may be in the same room but with the television on may not change surfa ce ac noesis each other. The final disadvantage illustrated in this essay is that young children are often be exposed to sexual activity scenes and scenes of rage.Read more Television advantages and disadvantages essayFirstly, for many of us the television is our first or only source of news and current events. most channels ware news updates up to four times a day and current affairs platforms which take a deeper look at the news that has affected the world that day or week. Theses programmes are often family friendly and are sometimes the only form of media available or easy to understand for children or non-speakers of English. These news shows keep peck up to date on the outside world it is possible to know everything that happened in a day without even going outside. However these news shows can try and monopolize populations opinions and be a diverge to one political party or one side of a war. Secondly, what many of us do not realise is that we use at least two senses to enjoy television.We use our eyes to take care the television screen and the visual on the screen. We also use our ears or sense of distinguishing to listen to the chat and noises on the screen. Compared to other forms of media which usually involve only one sense e.g. the radio only requires the hearing sense and a book only requires sight. Even though the television lets us see and hear things it can trend eyesight problems and many people turn there televisions up which can cause hearing problems. The final advantage is the vast amount of educational programming available for viewing in particular on channels like the discovery channel and national geographic which can educate and hie people and wet every audience members appetite. It is also the fastest way to improve your knowledge and jockstrap you learn something completely new.Where else can you learn about Marylyn Monroe and Winston Churchill in the same afternoon? Many people who cannot afford university or nigh t courses or scarce just want a basic knowledge of one particular subject or event. Use documentaries to quench their thirst for learning. The first disadvantage is that many people do not realise how much time they authorize watching television if you spend one hour a day watching television. That is 365 hours a year and 3607 hours in ten years. You can only imagine what you could do with that time, it is possible to learn a language or do a university course. Many value their television shows over exercise or physical activity which can charter to obesity and couch potato. Many people also feel the desire to watch a favourite television show every day or every week and neglect social commitments and consequently becoming anti-social. A second disadvantage is that many people neglect their families so they can watch television.A family may be in the same room but would not say a word to each other or acknowledge each other. Many families now also bury dinner in front of the t elevision which means normal dinner table conversation is lost. Most large families also have multiple televisions so that each member can watch the programme they would like to watch this means that some families may spend less than an hour in each others company before going to bed. A final disadvantage of watching television is the violence and sex scenes that young children are often exposed too. Many of us find shows with crime or violence entertaining but these are not suitable for children of young ages.These scenes are practically common on crime dramas. Children may not intentionally be being exposed but by simply being in or near the same room as an older child or adult watching the programme. With children being exposed to these scenes it can corrupt there innocent minds leading them in some extreme cases become violent to other children.It can also lead to more permanent wave problems such as violence or evil thoughts well into adulthood. Fortunately this can be comfort ably avoided or reversed by not allowing young children to view these programmes by placing them in a diverse room from the television or sending them to bed. In conclusion television is perhaps the worlds greatest trick though it is possible it will one day be replaced by something resembling a computer it is steady indispensable devise that takes up our time to exercise or our family time it can also have scenes that corrupt young minds. As Winston Churchill once said the best things are either immoral or bad for you television is best in moderation. So next time youre bored dont turn on the television go out and play some sport. in todays modern world. Television however has advantages and disadvantages as illustrated in this essay. It can be an educational, multi-sensory communication

Michael Jackson Essay Example for Free

Michael capital of Mississippi EssayMichael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 June 25, 2009) was an American singer, trip the light fantasticr, entertainer and recording artist. Referred to as the King of Pop, he is accept as the most successful entertainer of either time, and one of the most influential. His contributions to music, dance and fashion,1 and a much-publicized personal life, do him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades. Alongside his brothers, Jackson made his debut in 1964 as lead singer and youngest member of The Jackson 5. His solo rush began in 1971. His 1982 album Thriller sold more than 110 million copies, and remains the best-selling album constantly while several of his other albums rank among the worlds best-sellers. Jackson is credited with having elevated the music video from guiltless promotional tool into an art form. His videos for Billie Jean, Beat It and Thriller made him the first African American artist to stack up a stro ng crossover following on MTV. He popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk. His distinctive musical style, vocal style, and choreography continue to transcended generational, racial and ethnical boundaries.Michael Jackson was born on August 29, 1958, the eighth of ten children to an African American working-class family, in Gary, Indiana, an industrial suburb of Chicago. His mother, Katherine Esther Scruse, was a devout Jehovahs Witness, and his father, Joseph Walter Joe Jackson, a steel mill worker who performed with an RB fate called The Falcons. Jackson had three sisters Rebbie, La Toya, and Janet, and six brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, Brandon (Marlons twin brother, who died shortly after birth)7 and Randy.8In 1982, Jackson contributed the birdcall Someone In the Dark to the storybook for the film E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial the record won a Grammy for Best Album for Children.27 That same year Jackson issued his second Epic album, Thriller, which surprisingly became the most commercially successful album of all time with nearly no promotion. The album remained in the top 10 of the Billboard 200 for 80 consecutive weeks and 37 of those weeks at the peak position. It was the first album to have seven Billboard savory 100 top 10 singles, including Billie Jean, Beat It, and Wanna Be Startin Somethin.28 Thriller was certified for 29 million shipments by the RIAA, grown it Double Diamond status in the United States. It is the best-selling album of all time in the United States.29 It was, and currently remains, the best-selling album of all time, with 110 million copies worldwide.Jacksons popularity would soar further. On edge 25, 1983, he performed live on the Motown 25 Yesterday, Today, Forever television special, both with The Jackson 5 and on his own singing Billie Jean. Wearing a distinctive sequined glove, he debuted his signature dance move, the moonwalk, which creator Soul Train dancer and Sh alamar member, Jeffrey Daniel had taught him 3 years before. His performances during the event were seen by 47 million viewers.On January 27, 1984, Michael and other members of the Jacksons filmed a Pepsi Cola commercial, overseen by executive Philip Dusenberry,37 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. In front of a full house of fans during a simulated plan, pyrotechnics accidentally set Jacksons haircloth on fire. He suffered second-degree burns to his scalp. Jackson underwent treatment to hide the scars on his scalp, and he also had his trio rhinoplasty shortly thereafter.21 Jackson never recovered from this injury.Jackson died on June 25, 2009 from a drug overdose, amidst preparations for his This Is It concert series. The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled his death a homicide.Wikipedia The Free cyclopaedia. The History of Michael Jackson. online. Available http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_jackson2 March 2010.Encyclopedia of world Biography. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd Detr oit Gale Research, 1998. 17 vols. Student Resource Center Junior. Gale. Leroy Collins Leon County Public Library. 2 March 2010.

War At Sea Essay Example for Free

War At Sea EssayThroughout the struggle the British fleets were superior. This was probably due to its large empire.1914 The inaugural naval meshing was on August 28 when the British raided Heligoland Bight. British destroyers entered this German naval base and fired torpedoes but the Germans direct out cabin police cruiser ships, which were bigger and stronger. The destroyers pull back to open sea whilst being chased by the Germans and shot at by Battle ships.In September, submarine warfare began when German submarine U-9, sank 3 British cruisers. Meanwhile, 3 British cruisers pursued 3 rival cruisers to the coast of Chile where on November 1st, the Battle of Coronel took place. The Germans sunk 2 British cruisers without loosing 1 ship. When they heard of this the British Admiralty sent 2 more battle cruisers to sink the Germans, but they had bypast to the Falkland Islands to raid a British wireless and coaling station. To their surprise they found a British squadron r efuelling. The surprised, fleeing Germans were destroyed and 1,800 Germans died.In the Indian Ocean, the German ship Emden attacking small ports and sea-side villages (allies to the British) but later in the beginning of November was destroyed by an Australian cruiser.1915 On January 23rd, a German squadron went to raid the English coast, but the English had been warned, and sent a fleet to meet them. They met at Dogger Bank and the Germans fled. The British were faster and sunk one cruiser and their 2 flagships were damaged. Because of a misunderstanding of signals, the British attack was not as full on as it should have been so the remaining German ships escaped.The reason the Americans got involved, was when the cruise liner Lusitania was torpedoed twice and sunk. 1,198 people died, 124 of them Americans. On August 19th, the British liner Arabic was lost and 4 more Americans died.1916 The Battle of Jutland This was the entirely naval full-scale battle in WorldWar 1. Neither sid e was prepared to at large(p) this battle. On the 31st of May, the British Grand Fleet saw the full High Seas Fleet 98 German ships sailing together. Both the British fleets advanced. David Beattys fleet took a parallel rout to the German ships and reached them first followed by Hugh Evan-Thomass squadron.They opened fire and Beatty lost the ships Indefatigable and Queen Mary and received several hits to his flagship Lion. Beatty retreated to Sir John Jellicoes main fleet. Both sides sustained many losses and took many casualties. That shadow when the main battle was over, the Germans tried to escape. They ran into the tail of a line of cruisers following Jellicoes southbound fleet. Once they were through the chaotic firing, sinkings and collisions of the night they went back to the Jade Anchorage.1917 By 1917, Germany had built up its navy and because of this and unrestricted submarine warfare Britain intimately had to pull out of the war at sea with their depleted navy. But th ey did not have to because Britain would of necessitate supplies, so some of the remaining ships of the British fleet joined with some American destroyers and escorted merchant ships to and from ports, long whist destroying submarines. This was the escort system. In February, March and April the Germans raided the English Channel, and in response, Britain raided Ostend and Zeebrugge several times. Later in the year, the British raided German coastal shipping in Holland and in November unsuccessfully raided German minesweeping operations in Heligoland Bight. In declination the Germans raided several British-Scandinavian convoys. Britain lost many ships.1918 German submarine warfare had been decreased by the allied convoy system, but it had not been stopped completely. Raids were sent to Ostend, Zeebrugge and Bruges (3 ports where submarines operated) but were not very successful. 2 more German ships Battle cruiser Goeben and light cruiser Breslau were attacked in the Aegean Sea. Breslau was sunk and Goeben was badly damaged.In March, the Germans do a large attack and this pushed back the Allies, but later in the year they retaliated and conquered the German navy, this win them and ended the war at sea.

Alcohol Advertising to Youth Essay Example for Free

inebriant Advertising to Youth EssayMevery people are unaware of the prevalence of at a lower placeage drink in the get together States. Every day in the United States, much(prenominal) than 4,750 kids under age 16 have their jump full drink of intoxicantic drink. More offspring in the United States drink inebriant than smoke tobacco or marijuana, making it the drug most used by American young people. Youth who start drinking before the age of 15 are quint times more likely to develop alcohol dependency or abuse in their lifespan than those who begin drinking at 21 years or later. All of these facts were published by the concern on intoxicant Marketing and Youth. They have published many broods on the prevalence of drinking among pocket-size youth. But why do underage youth start drinking alcohol in the first place? harmonise to many studies, alcohol advertizing is the main influencer of alcohol consumption among underage youth. Alcohol advertisement influ ences the use of alcohol among youth and increases the likeliness that they will consume alcohol illeg totallyy.For example, a field of opeproportionns published in 2006 found that for from each hotshot supererogatory alcohol ad a young person saw (above the monthly youth average of 23), he or she drank one part more. Also, for every additional dollar washed-out on alcohol advertising in a local market, underage drinkers consumed collar percent more alcohol ( operating surgeon General, 2007). Because young children are likely to be influenced by alcohol advertisements, in that respect take to be stricter regulations on the advertising industries ability to advertise alcohol to underage youth. consort to the surgeon Generals bellyache to Action to Prevent and number Underage Drinking (2007), The short-and long-term consequences that farm from underage alcohol consumption are astonishing in their range and magnitude, affecting adolescents, the people almost them, and society as a whole. thitherfore, there should be a stricter regulation on alcohol advertising to youth because of the strong influence it has on their behavior and their alcohol consumption patterns. Each year, the alcohol diligence spends more than four billion dollars marketing its wares (Mosher Cohen, 2012).There have been multiple studies that have correlated underage youth exposure with a greater likelihood of drinking. It is imperative that the g everywherenment or advertising effort reduces the impact of alcohol marketing on young people. Reducing underage drinking, like smoking, is an important commonplace health goal (Mosher Cohen, 2012). Public health departments in California, Massachusetts, and Florida have made crucial strides in trim underage smoking tempos in their states (Mosher Cohen, 2012). They did this my sponsoring tobacco counter advertising campaigns.This indicates that this type of approach may be effective for reducing underage drinking as well ( Mosher Cohen, 2012). The problem with this for alcohol advertising is that there are already debt instrument ads, but they are outnumbered by alcohol ads 226-1 (CAMY News Release, 2004). Alcohol product advertising has change magnitude significantly in recent years, plot tariff ads have decreased. According to a new employment from CAMY at Georgetown University, the number of responsibility ads dropped by 46 percent from 2001 levels, while the number of alcohol commercials increased by 39 percent.Industry consumption on responsibility ads too felldown 57 percent from 2001. This is unacceptable. According to CAMY Executive Director, Jim OHara, This minimal nub of responsibility advertising does little to reinforce the message of parents and teachers who are trying to counteract underage drinking. Our children need to stick a more balanced message about alcohol. According to the same study, for every dollar fagged on responsibility ads in 2002, the manufacturing spent $9 9 on product ads, where in 2001, the ratio was $1 to $35.Alcohol companies should be required to sponsor a certain amount of responsibility ads each year, that is relative to the number of alcohol product ads they place. This would help to increase the amount of responsibility ads underage youth is exposed to and thus, increasing the amount of reinforcement they receive to non drink underage and illegally. According to the CAMY study at Georgetown University in 2002, of 59 alcohol marketers advertising on television, only four places responsibility ads in 2002.Adolph Coors Co, Anheuser-Busch Companies Inc. , SABMiller PLC and Diageo PLC were the four parent companies whose brands placed responsibility ads in 2002. Anheuser-Busch placed the most ads, but they still spent 45 times more on product ads and placed 89 more product ads than responsibility ads (CAMY, 2002). Underage youth were 287 times more likely per capita to see a TV commercial promoting alcohol from 2001 to 2006 (Niel sen Media Research, 2006).Other studies have found that youth exposed to alcohol in movies and to alcohol in signage pricy schools as well as youth ownership of alcohol promotional items are all associated with a greater likelihood of underage drinking (The Surgeon General, 2007). Therefore, because of youths potential to be greatly influenced by alcohol advertisements, this high amount of exposure to alcohol advertisements increases the consumption of alcohol among underage youth. There is opposition to stricter regulations on alcohol advertising some feel that these regulations will non have any effect on the consumption and use of alcohol among underage youth.According to Marcus Grant, the president and founder of the world(prenominal) Centre for Alcohol Policies said that in many Scandinavian countries where alcohol advertising was banned, the prevalence of alcohol abuse was still high. Also, according to the industry Association for Responsible Alcohol Use (ARA), no depict exists to support the notion that beverage alcohol advertising has any significant effect on the rate of alcohol abuse. According to the ARA, Denmark has a ban on all broadcast advertising except on low alcohol-content products, as well as various restrictions on print and outdoor advertising.It has one of the highest inform rates of intoxication among young people. Therefore, they feel that increasing the amount of regulations of alcohol advertising, or the banning of alcohol advertising as a whole, will not result in a decline in the rate of alcohol consumption among underage youth. While alcohol marketers have made reforms in their marketing practices, these revisions fall short (Mosher Cohen 2012). In 2006, The STOP Act was passed, requiring that the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services report annually on rates of exposure of youth to positive and negative messages about alcohol in the mass media.Advertisers are aware of the media usage of youth and new alcohol regul ations do not do enough to protect underage youth from viewing alcohol advertisements. According to CAMY reports on Youth flick to Alcohol Ads, the advertising industry has reduced youth exposure to its advertising in magazines and cut its spending on radio. However, youth exposure to alcohol advertising on television grew by 30 percent between 2001 and 2006 (Mosher Cohen, 2012). Because youth, ages 12 to 20, are only 13.3 percent of the national TV viewing audience, the current threshold of not placing ads where underage youth are more than 30 percent of the audience allows alcohol advertising on programs where there are more than twice as many youth as the viewing population (Mosher Cohen, 2012). It is obvious that current regulations do not do enough to support the goals of Congress, and of the Surgeon General, to decrease alcohol advertising exposure and alcohol consumption among underage youth. Therefore, stricter regulations need to be arrogate into place to restrict the a dvertising industry from placing alcohol advertisements indoors youth-consumed media.CAMY issued a report of eight methods for states to fixate and reduce youth exposure to alcohol advertisements. According to CAMY, only 11 states implement more than one best practice policy, a total of 22 states implement no policies at all. It is important for these states to implement all of eight of the methods to ensure that underage youth are not exposed to these ads and the consequences of seeing these ads (Swift, 2011). According to a study conducted by Leslie B. Snyder, Ph. D. , of the University of Connecticut, Storrs, and colleagues, a random sample of young people between the ages of 15 to 26 years old were interviewed.The researchers reported these results (1) For each additional alcohol advertisement viewed per month, the number of drinks consumed increased by one percent (2) The same constituent increase, one percent per alcohol advertisement per month, use to underage drinkers (t hose younger than age 21) as well as legal aged drinkers (3) Youth in markets with high alcohol advertising expenditures ($10 or more per person per month) also increase their drinking more over time, reaching a peak of 50 drinks per month by age 25 and, (4) Young people drank three percent more per month for each additional dollar spent per capita in their market (Buddy T., 2006).This research shows that advertising expenditure had a direct influence on the amount of alcohol consumed by underage and legal aged drinkers. According to Snyder, The results also contradict the claims that advertising is misrelated to youth drinking amounts Alcohol advertising was a contributing factor to youth drinking quantities over time, (Buddy T. , 2006). The facts cannot be denied alcohol advertising is effective. The bottom line is, the more advertising young people see, the more they drink (Buddy T. , 2012).CAMY has found that many parents are beginning to become concerned about the overexposure to alcohol advertisements that their children see. Two-thirds of parents recollect more ads mean more youth drinking and 75 percent of parents agree that the alcohol industry should do more to limit youth advertising (Buddy T. , 2012). It is unacceptable that nothing more has been done to prevent this while there have been multiple studies done on the correlation between alcohol advertising and underage drinking, and they all have concluded the same results Exposure to alcoholadvertising increase the likelihood for underage drinking and increased alcohol consumption. Alcohol advertisements need to be regulated across all media forms online, television, magazine and print, radio, etc. Young people should not be exposed to alcohol advertisements, especially within the media channels that they use most. Television alcohol ads should not be allowed to be on shows with certain percentage of underage viewers, the same goes for magazine and radio advertisements.While it will be hard to r egulate this, more can be done to make sure the message of preventing underage drinking is reinforced through with(predicate) responsibility ads. If stricter regulations on alcohol advertisements cannot be put into place, then the amount of responsibility ads countering the alcohol ads needs to be dramatically increased. Underage youth need to constantly be reinforced with the message of not underage drinking as well as the warnings of drinking such as drunk driving. In conclusion, more needs to be done to reduce the amount of youth exposure to alcohol product advertisements and to prevent underage drinking.It is the responsibility of the government and of alcohol marketers to make sure they are protecting youth, not corrupting them at a young age. Youth exposure to alcohol advertisements increase the amount of alcohol consumed by underage drinkers and current regulations are simply not doing enough to prevent this.References Alcohol Ads total Responsibility Ads 226-1. About. com Alcoholism. N. p. , 2002. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. Alcohol Advertising and Youth. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. CAMY. org, Apr. 2007. Web. 11 Dec. 2012.Mosher, James F. , JD Cohen, and Elena N. Cohen. State Laws to Reduce the Impact of Alcohol Marketing on Youth. Camy. org. Alcohol Policy Consultations, 1 May 2011. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. prevalence of Underage Drinking. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. N. p. , July 2011. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. State Report Update 2012. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. N. p. , 1 May 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. Swift, James. States Not Reducing Youth Exposure to Alcohol Ads. Youthtoday. org. YouthToday. org, 4 May 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2011. T. , Buddy.Alcohol Advertising Increases Youth Drinking. About. com Alcoholism. N. p. , 19 Jan. 2006. Web. 11 Dec. 2012 T. , Buddy. Teen Drinking Influenced by Alcohol Advertising. About. com Alcoholism. N. p. , 19 Oct. 2012. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. T. , Buddy. Underage Drinking Troubles Parents. About. com Alcoholism. N. p. , 27 Dec. 2007. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon Generals Call to Action To Prevent and Reduce Underage Drinking. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General, 2007.

Favourite Brand Paper Essay Example for Free

Favourite Brand study EssayThe brand that I identify with is tide lavation detergent. I love tide wash drawing detergent because there be 5 people in my house and a lot of laundry being done with tide I am able to use less detergent for a large amount of cloths. It keeps the colors of the cloths bright and level off if you concord been utilise cheap detergent when cloths are washed with tide the colors bright. lunar time period also gets hard to remove stains out of cloths without having to pretreat the sting and immerse cloths for a long period of times. I can also save money by using Tide because when using a less effective brand I have to pour much than the required amount to wash and the cloths deteriorate faster. When cloths deteriorate and look dull I have to fleet more money to purchase cloths in a shorter amount of time. I do believe Tide Company has built a successful relationship with loyal customers because even during the recession Tide created a cheaper detergent c entirelyed Tide Basic in order to accommodate its loyal customers during these hard times. The company has created a Tide detergent that can be used with cold wet which saves on the energy bill. truehearted Tide customer has a lot of variety to choose from which helps maintain the relationship with the brand. This brand is focus on groups of any eons because it is efficient and has been around since 1946. The Tide brand for the younger generation helps them remember base and for the older generation it is familiar and a brand they can trust. Tide has a variety of detergent product such as tide pods eliminate odor and are pre-measured, Tide ultra-stain release removes 99 percent of stains, Tide to go instant stain rem all over to go its a pen that is teentsy and can be carried around if you get a small stain on your cloths, Tide wage increase duo packs it has stain removing power without any dyes or scent, Tide total care for high aptitude washers, Tide ultra clea n plus downy gives same clean feeling and soft cloths, Tide cold water great cleaning and save money no hot or even warm water needed, Tide alternative bleach wash whites without the need of using bleach, Tide relieve provide gentle on skin, Tide febreze for individuals who play sports, all of these also come in mill form for those who do not like liquid detergent.This is another reason Tide caters to allage groups there is something for everyone. The two competitor brands Whisk and Kirkland Signature Ultra. These two detergents are numbers 2 and 3 on the list of competitor detergents which was done by ABC news. I have tried both(prenominal) of these brands. In my opinion these brands are good but the stain fighting power is not as effective as tide. When using tide on my chef uniform which has food and oils from cooking kitchen smell was gone. I used both brands to wash my nephews chef uniforms and they were not as effective at removing dirt, grim and most of all the smell of fo od. Tide has also been featured in good housekeeping magazine.It was also named one of the must steal products because in recent years there has been a surge of theft with tide detergent. In conclusion Tide laundry detergent is a brand that has been around for decades. It maintains and brightens colors. Tide also has over 15 varieties from one that can be used on sensitive skin to cold water Tide that helps save money. Tide is a trusted brand and caters to their customers needs. They also have helped maintain the relationship by offering a lower priced detergent when the recession affected all individuals around the world. Tide does have some competition but it does not have all the varieties or report that Tide has with their customers.Referenceshttp//nymag.com/news/features/tide-detergent-drugs-2013-1/index2.html /www.nytim http/es.com/roomfordebate/2013/01/14/why-would-drug-dealers-use-tide-as-a-currency/tide-is-the-must-steal-product-of-the-season http//www.goodhousekeeping.com /product-reviews/home-products/laundry-detergents/best-laundry-detergentslid

Detecting starch and sugars in food Essay Example for Free

Detecting starch and sugars in provender EssayAimTo detect the presence of starch and sugars (glucose and fructose) in different pabulum sources.BackgroundWe set about many different nutrients in daily life and many of them contain nutrients like carbonhydrates which atomic number 18 all important(p) to human life.Starch is a polysaccharide, a aggroup of nutrients known as carbonhydrates. Glucose and fructose be monosaccharides, simpler carbonhydrates which are often refered to as sugars.In order to detect the different carbonhydrates content in ranges of food, we used deuce theories in our experiment. Firstly, starch can react with iodine to create a blue product. Secondly, glucose and fructose are reducing sugars which can be tested by Benedicts reagent, because the reducing sugars which contain aldehydes group produce red copper( ) oxide precipitate when react with Benedicts reagent.Materials and equipments2cm3 of 1% starch firmness of purpose, 2cm3 of 1% glucose sol ution, 10 cm3 of 1% iodine solution, 30 cm3 of 1% Benedicts reagent, small amounts of different type of food (mushrooms, potatoes, bread piece, novel potatoes, lemon, onion, biscuit, cucumber, tomatoes, peanuts,lettus, tomato sauce, dark green vegetables, milk, cereal), white tileTen test tubes, test-tube holder, test-tube rack, Nusen burner, Heat-proof mat, prophylactic glassesProcedures1. Three drops of 2cm3 of 1% starch solution was placed onto a white tile and trio drops of iodine solution was added and observed the solor change.2. 2cm3 of glucose solution was placed into a test tube and added about atomic number 23 frops of Benedicts reagent and turn gently. Observed the color change.3. Placed small piece of ten foods in ten test tubes and added wizard drop of urine, three drops of 2cm3 of 1% starch to them respectively and orderly. (mushrooms, potatoes, bread piece, sweet potatoes, lemon, onion, biscuit, cucumber, tomatoes, peanuts) Oserved the color change and do recor ds.4. Placed small pieces of ten foods into ten different test tubes and added one drops of water, five drops of Benedicts reagent to them in order and respectively. (lemon, lettus, tomato sauce, cucumber, tomato, dark green vegetables, milk, biscuit, cereal, sweet potatoes) And boiled each test tube gently and observed the color change.5. Made a conclusion ground on results.Result1.In procedure 1, the color of solution changed to blue-black when starch solution reacted with iodine solution. In procedure 2, the color of solution changed to orange-red when the glucose solution reacted with the Benedicts reagent and was heated.2.The diagram(fig.1) below shows what I observed direct after the procedure 3 Food sourceColor changeMushroomPotatoesBlue-black pelf pieceBlue-blackSweet potatoesPurple-blue so-and-soOnionBiscuitBlue-blackCucumberTomatoesPeanuts3.Then,the diagram(fig.2) below shows what I observed directly after the procedure 4Food sourceColor changeLemonRed-orangeLettusDark purple-redTomaot sauceOrangeCucumberRed-orangeTomatoOrangeDark green vegetable drawLight orangeBiscuitOrangeCerealOrangeSweet potatoRed-orangeAnalysis1. In my whole experiment, the procedure 1 and 2 were used as testing thoeries to give us a ideal to testify whether certain food source contained certain kinds of carbonhydrates. If in procedure 3 the food turned color move up blue or purple, the food must contain starch inside. Whats more, if in procedure 4 the solution in the test tube turned color near red or orange, the food msust contain reducing sugars glucose or fructose.1. From the information and results I gathered from fig.2, I was able to figure out whether each food contains sugars glucose and fructose or not. The list was shown below(fig.4)From the diagram to a higher place we can clearly see that except dark green vegetables all the foods remained contain sugars glucose or fructose. paygradeDuring the experiment, our group made several mistakes and I listed them below to evaluate them respectively.1. At the beginning of the experiment, during the process of adding water to the washing powder solution to ergocalciferolcm3. We first ingnored the bubbles above and filled the water till the 500cm3 scale moreover later on we found the water was much more than 500cm3, so we repeated the experiment from the starting point once again. This time, I controled the water very carefully by pouring it softly along side the walls of the beaker and measuring cylinder to make sure theres no bubble made during the procedures. My improvement was successful and at the second time we added water accurately to 500cm3.2. The color of final solution in test tube 2.5mgdm-3 was as dark as that of the solution with 10mgdm-3and its not logical with the general trend of other solutions. I considered the whole procedure of our experiment thoroughly and thought of cardinal possible errors. Firstly we could have made that firstly we might add more than 5 cm3 standard deter gent solution to the test tube. Secondly, because before using the 1000cm3 beaker to heat the test tube we used 500 cm3 beaker at first then we found it too small to hold six test tubes so we removed two test tubes out of the water and then put them into the bigger container. Maybe one of the two previously heated test tube was the 2.5mgdm-3 one and its darker because it has been heated for seconds before others.

Examining Cultural Elements Essay Example for Free

Examining Cultural Elements experimentThe quest foring paper will feel at the ways a healer whitethorn be suitable to look upon and treat a family keeping all the cultural and the social boundaries, also cognise as the ethnocentric barriers aside. When flavour at the view of the therapist, it may be important to look at the context of the family theories which have been introduced by sociologists all over the world. This idea was particularly introduced by the GAP or the group for the advancement of psychiatry. The association explained that it may be important for the families to be ascribed roles which be non stipulate when looking at the family.thus, if in both family which has an increasing amount of conflict, it may be helpful if it is somehow likely for the therapist to ensure that there ar not any much(prenominal) roles put anterior and emphasized. Note that in such(prenominal) a case particularly in a country with the conventional societal rules, it may be unpotential that such informality and the absence of clear cut roles would be possible. In such a case the therapist must allow for a setting and an purlieu such that the rigidity formed by the society is minimized so as to ensure an in effect(p) functioning of the family.This way neither the societal norms will be completely challenged, nor would there be any difficulty associated with the societal stereotypes. Another aspect which needs to be taken into consideration is that of the serve well of mystification. This process of mystification has been described as a process by which there argon attempts made by i party to keep the other party in an awe state by maximise the distance that they have between each other. When applying to the family life it implies denying the childs experience by relabelling it.in other haggling if there is going to a conflict in the family, it may be actually likely for the parents to nibble the children rather than excepting their own mistak es because they lie in a superior position in contrast to the child. When talk of the town about it with relation to the therapist, making sure that this element of mystification does not occur in a strict family environment where there may be a great deal of respect for the elders may be problematic. However, the therapist, by looking upon at all the aspects of the problem should make sure that such biases are not essentially a part of the experience he encounters when treating the family.perhaps, the therapist can take the family to a different setting, perhaps away from the present place where they are in order to ensure that such a problem does not occur that much. Apart from this, the therapist may also be able to effectively provide for therapy by looking at how the family has and follows the system of double blinds. By this we imply a system in which there are two contractory points. It may thus be very likely for an individual to take up one and not both the points.For inst ance how boys are told to be broken and at the same time not be harsh with their mothers. These situations imply that an individual can follow only one and thus a family conflict may very likely occur. In such a case, the therapist should easily identify the double bind situation and and so allow for a dialogue or a discussion to take place between the related parties. After looking and keeping all the things into consideration there can be a presentation of the values and norms of the societies and then there can be an agreement reached upon.No only this, exactly an important thing that should be done by the therapists is to carefully observe the way these discussions take place. This would be more and way wear out than a mere speculation because the therapists may make an increasing amount of assumptions which may otherwise not be made in case of a proper observation. not only this, but it may also be important to note that by observing, it may be possible that other possible forms pf conflicts that occur within the family and may not completely be realized or perhaps are otherwise hidden are highly likely to come up.It should be noted that the observations by the therapist must also be made first and fore for the most part, perhaps even before one to one counseling of the families occur. This may be so that there is an absolute certainty that there are no previous biases left for evaluation. Therefore, one may say that there may be many ways through which the cultural and societal biases can be avoided by a therapist. First and for mostly can be a clear evaluation of the conflict that occurs in the family with a particular look at the element of mystification as well as double binds.Not only this, but also observing the family to look and obtain additional data may also be very helpful. Reference How the students culture effect their appearance www. literacynet. org/lp/hperspectives/culteffect. html Lyman Stone, How much does culture and lifestyle af fect behavior? http//www. helium. com/items/493732-how-much-does-culture-and-lifestyle-affect-behavior What makes lives, what influences Behavior? alcor. concordia. ca/dwharton/txt/sgt/50. html

A Quest for Selfhood Essay Example for Free

A Quest for Selfhood EssayIn The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass An American Slave, Frederick Douglass effectively describes his escapes from slaveholders done his intellectual literacy. In virtue of his experience as an enslaved man, Douglass writes about the abuse he suffers for being African American. He writes his level for the general public including slaves, to show the slaveholders wrongdoings. Douglass portrays the demeaning treatment of slaves to express inhumane conditions, which they face repeatedly. finishedout the brisk Douglass is adapted to persuade his analyzeers that slavery is cruel and an immoral act, through the use of optical imagery, situational derision, and formal diction. Through the use of visual imagery, Douglass is able to persuade the public that the physical scars from slave have dehumanizing effects by describing brutality, and human degradation.On one of Douglasss first accounts, he describes his mothers death by stating I was not allowed to be present during her illness, at her death, or burial (Page 18). This accident relates to pathos because it reveals Douglasss lack of interaction with his mother and the isolation he endures in the early stages of his life, which emotionally draws the reader into realizing the psychological afflictions of slavery. As well as his mothers passing, Douglass utilizes visual imagery to account for the last days of his frail grandmother If my poor old grandmother now gos, she lives to suffer in utter bleakness she lives to remember and mourn over the loss of children (Page 56). Douglass exposes how little sympathy slaveholders possess towards slaves. Visual imagery of this incident persuades the reader of slaverys savagery because it is clear that Douglass is kept away from the people whom he loves, and is compel to feel nothing but sorrow.Due to the restrictions from slavery, Douglass copes with his aches by describing clear details of the worst days of his life. Lik ewise, Douglass presents the pitiless treatment of slaves through the use of situational irony. A representation of this is shown within old Barney and young Barney-father and son. He says They were frequently whipped when leastdeserving, and escaped whipping when most deserving it (Page 30). Douglass explains that living in a constant offer of fear, the boys are never safe from severe punishment regardless of doing everything theyre told. Douglass also uses logos to lead the public that slaveholders are not capable of managing others because they dont have moral sense. Additionally, Douglass illustrates another situational conundrum when he fights back against Mr. Covey From this time I was never again what might be called reasonably whipped, though I remained a slave four years afterwards. I had several fights, but was never whipped (Page 75).Douglasss fierce determination for freedom results in respect from his slaveholder, which is unbelievable and contradictory to slavery overall. Because of the situational irony from the events prior, Douglass is able to express how irresponsible slaveholders are to be manipulating slaves. Furthermore, formal diction is most prominent is Douglasss narrative because it describes most of the details. Despite his restrictions, Douglasss strong desire for education allows for gains in his knowledge, to which is distinct through his writing skills. Douglasss intellectual literacy not only distresses the general public towards slavery, but mesmerizes them to conceive the brain on how he made it out alive. A prime example of formal diction is shown when describing Mr. capital of Texas Gore Mr. Hopkins was succeeded by Mr. Austin Gore, a man possessing, in an eminent degree, all those traits of character critical (Page 33)He claims that the first-rate overseer, Mr. Gore is superior and honored because of his highly callous acts. Thus, Douglass is able to address a highly educated audience such as the readers of this acad emic narrative. He then adds, Going to live at Baltimore laid the foundation, and opened the gateway, to all my subsequent prosperity (Page 41). In other words, Douglass desperately wishes for freedom, and is able to fulfill his fortune at Baltimore. Formal diction allows Douglass to put his silvery vocabulary to use. Although Frederick Douglass was an enslaved man, he teaches himself to read and write.He uses his intellectual gains of writing as a way to portray his brutal life, and explains the struggles he goes through to now being Americas role as the most famous African American slave. Throughout the narrative, he uses rhetorical devices to personify the thoughts that go through his mind as a slave. He also uses figurative language to vividly illustrate the hardshipsof being African American with the use of visual imagery, situational irony, and formal diction. These devices also make the tortures of being a slave more understandable and easy to comprehend. His eloquent litera cy continues to be relevant in both history and the modern world today.

Reception of Video Art in Galleries

Reception of Video machination in G entirelyeriescritically reckon the notion that the receipt of goggle box finesse is powerfully affected by being bring outn in an invention prowess gallery situationIntroductionVideo invention began as an avant-garde movement that challenged the real nature of stratagem in the 1960s and 1970s with the likes of Nam June Paik, Bruce Nauman and Stu guile Marshall. These artists crapd powerful tours in response to the mainstream explosion of flick and television, and as a challenge to the traditional artistic rows of painting and sculpture. The artists helped to bring art closer to the usual public and relieved artists of the need to create specific objects. However, as technology has grown and video art has become to a greater extent popular, it has moved from the fringes of art to the mainstream context of use of the art gallery.1 Before this the art gallery was a place for traditional creates of art such as painting and sculpture . One of the most interesting topics of intervention regarding video art is how this move into art galleries has changed the reception to video art. It is argued that the reception of video art is strongly affected by being seen in an art gallery situation. The aim of this essay is to critically examine this consider, and see how the conniption of video art affects the perception of such art. This will be d angiotensin converting enzyme by look at how cathode-ray oscilloscope influences artistic reception, looking at the reception of video art in gallery considerations and separate contexts, and excessively how the strong point of video art itself can influence the gallery picture. charm of setting on artThere are a number of studies and theories regarding the influence of setting on art and artistic reception in various mediums. It is clear that at bottom video art the step-up of a gallery setting would change the nature of the art itself. The earliest forms of video ar t were all on single screens outside of the art gallery setting, and the works were very much of a bad-tempered moment in time and had a fairly short lifespan as artistic compositions.2 However, as video art moved into a gallery setting it merged with opposite forms of art to create the video evocation. This meant the video art was straight off based in an environment embedded in a particular time and space. This gave a natural candidate to vide art that had not previously been seen, and has had a major(ip) influence on the genre. Installation art is now one of the most common forms of video art, oddly in a gallery setting as it allows video artists to experiment in more than panaches than ever before. 3This has meant that video art has merged into other genres, and become part of a larger multi-media, multi-form persona of art rather than being a type of visual art on its own. The nature of galleries actor that purely video art is being replaced with installation ar t as it has a more physical presence than traditional video art that was the antithesis of traditional physical art. 4Another factor worth considering is the psychological aspect of reception towards art in a certain setting. artistic production that is viewed within a gallery setting may well be seen as more respectable and valuable than art seen in other settings, but it may also be seen as more traditional and constrained than art outside of a gallery setting. There seems to be little research on this particular point, but the tec supposes that this sort of difference in reception could be possible.Another factor with video art is that the setting of the art might determine how the art is created in itself. Video artists see their projects almost as their children, and consequently want it shown in a particular substance as it was intended. If a video art piece was intended to be spontaneous and viewed in a casual setting, then a gallery regard of such a piece may limit its e ffectiveness, or even possibly change its moment altogether.5The reception of video art in a gallery settingVideo art in a gallery setting is often received differently to how it might be received in a non-gallery setting. Video art in a gallery and video art in another(prenominal) setting may be the separation between what is cognise as art and what is simply known as media or television. The move of video art into the gallery setting has supported its claim to be a mainstream art form. This validation of video art, tho by being seen in an art gallery setting has moved it away from the medium of television and towards the concept of philosophical aesthetics. This is a major shift in the reception of video art from simply a popular culture medium to a valid and critical artistic medium.6Another way to look at it is that perhaps the reception of video art is not changed within a gallery setting, but that the actual form of the video art is in fact changed within the gallery settin g. Rather than being video art in the form of tape, video art in a gallery setting is either in the form of a live video performance or as an art installation combined with other physical forms of art such as architecture, sculpture, or other interactive multi-media forms. The only way to authentically determine this is by viewing art exhibitions in both a gallery and non-gallery setting to see if the reception has indeed changed. However, at this point there is very little research on this demesne as most art pieces are created for one specific setting rather than multiple settings. Therefore, it seems more likely that in many cases the reception of the art is not influenced by setting, but the creation of the art itself is influenced by the setting it is to be placed in.7The biggest change perhaps is that video art has moved from the single-screen, non site-specific form to the site-specific installation form. In the original single screen form, which is close to the medium of t elevision, then the gallery setting is unlikely to alter the reception of the art piece. This is because the piece is setting-neutral and will be interpreted individually by each person regardless of setting. However, the form of video art in galleries today is generally installation art, which is site-specific. The art has been created with a specific setting in mind, surrounded by other art forms. In this case the reception of the art would be changed in different settings, but it is unlikely that a site-specific piece would be viewed outside of a gallery or its specific setting.8Influence of video art on the gallery experienceVideo art has been influenced by the gallery setting in its creation more than its specific reception, but video art and other multi-media art has also influenced the gallery experience and changed the way in which art can be perceived. The placement of video art and other multi-media art forms within galleries has challenged the nature of what art is and ha s changed the nature of a gallery. Before this, art in galleries was limited to paintings and sculptures, and therefore the explanation of art was concerned with things that hung on walls or sat on pedestals. Video art added a totally new element to the gallery space and changed the gallery experience itself. The previous empty space in the gallery was now utilized as a part of the artistic framework rather than merely somewhere to display objects. The empty gallery becomes a place for performance and ideas in itself, and space became meet as important as the objects within the gallery.9Art shifted from the premise of art as object to one of art as idea and action. This not only changed the way in which galleries were seen, but also changed the nature of video art by putting it firmly in the realm of acceptable art rather than merely a part of popular culture. It helped to separate video art from the medium of television, pull a distinct line between the two. It also helped vide o art to merge into other art forms, and for other forms of art to embrace the influence of video.10Furthermore, the borrowing of video art influence the gallery experience by letting other newer formats over the last few years to infiltrate the once set apart gallery space. Computer visuals, Internet exhibits and even live musical and dramatic performance are now part of the gallery experience in many places something that would have been almost unheard of 30 or 40 years ago.11Finally, the acceptance of video art in a gallery setting has influenced the way in which new galleries are designed and laid out. Rather than simply having traditional spaces for paintings and sculptures, new gallery designs incorporate larger areas for performance, installation art and other multi-media art forms. The influence of video art on the gallery experience is perhaps just as strong as the influence of the gallery setting on video art.12ConclusionThe notion that the reception of video art is str ongly influenced by the gallery setting is somewhat misleading. Whilst there is clear evidence that the genre of video art has been massively influenced by the gallery reception, this is more to do with the creation of art rather than its reception. Of course, its reception in terms of its acceptance and standing within the artistic community and amongst the general public has been heightened by its introduction into the gallery setting. However, the major change has been in the move from site-neutral, single screen video art to larger, multi-media installations that incorporate video art and are often site-specific within the gallery setting.Conversely, video art has a significant effect on the gallery experience. It has changed the nature of what constitutes art and what a gallery should look like, as well as coat the way for other newer forms of art to be accepted within the gallery setting. Over the last cardinal or forty years, the acceptance of video art into the gallery set ting has changed both the way in which video art is commonly created, as well as change the way the gallery setting as a whole is viewed and used.BibliographyBalagopal, R., 2005. Installation Art. (Online). Available at http//infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/Research/articles/PFInstallationArt.pdf (Accessed 11th August 2008).Bruce, B.C., 2000. The wreak of Art in the Age of digital Reproduction. Journal of Adolescent Adult Literacy, 44(1), p. 66.Carter, C.L., 1979. Aesthetics, Video Art and Television. Leonardo, 12(4), pp. 289-293.Elwes, C., Neshat, S., and University of the arts London., 2005. Video Art A Guided Tour. London I.B. Tauris.Hanhardt, J.G., Villasenor, M.C., 1995. Video/Media Culture of the Late Twentieth Century. Art Journal, 54(4), pp. 20-25.Lisus, N.A., and Ericson, R.V., 1999. Authorizing Art The Effect of Multimedia Formats on the Museum Experience. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 36(2), p. 199+.London, B., 1996. Video Spaces. Performing Arts Journal, 18 (3), pp. 14-19.Lovejoy, M., 2004. Digital Currents Art in the Electronic Age. New York Routledge.McCarthy, K.F., and Ondaatje, E.H., 2002. From Celluloid to Cyberspace The Media Arts and the Changing Arts World. Santa Monica, CA Rand.Millard, R., 2005. Notebook Buying Video Art Is Not at All Simple. Artists Sell to Who They like, and Dictate How the pass water Is Shown. New Statesman, 134(4730), p. 41.Phelan, A., 1984. The Impact of Technology and Post Modern Art on Studio Art Education. Art Education, 37(2), pp. 30-36.Suderburg, E., 2000. Space, Site, Intervention Situating Installation Art. Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press.Footnotes1 Elwes, C., Neshat, S., and University of the Arts London., 2005, pp. ix-x2 London, B., 1996, p. 14.3 Hanhardt, J.G., Villasenor, M.C., 1995, pp. 20-214 Balagopal, R., 2005.5 Millard, R., 2005.6 Carter, C.L., 1979, p 289.7 Carter, C.L., 1979, p. 2908 Suderburg, E., 2000, pp. 2-149 Phelan, A., 1984, pp. 30-3310 Lovejoy, M., 2004, pp. 101-10311 McCarthy, K.F., and Ondaatje, E.H., 2002, pp. 53-5412 Lisus, N.A., and Ericson, R.V., 1999, pp. 199-201